Taylor

(Bubble Chemistry Lab)

-You can buy glycerin at drugstores. -Glycerin lengthens the life spand of bubbles. -Glycerin forms weak hydrogen bonds with water, which delays evaporation. -Soap does not strengthen bubbles it stabilizes them. Which is an action known as the Marangoni effect. - Bubbles blown into air below a temperature of 15 degrees C Bubbles will freeze when they touch a surface. The air inside will gradually defuse out and

“What Makes the Bubbles? There are two primary ingredients responsible for producing bubbles: liquid soap and glycerin. The soap produces the bubbles. Glycerin holds the bubbles together and makes them last. It is also responsible for the iridescent colors. Not all soaps are equal when it comes to producing bubbles. Two commercial dish-washing detergents--Ultra Dawn and Ultra Joy--are considered the best bubble producers. Palmolive and Ivory also can be used but are not as reliable at bubble production. Glycerin can be purchased at pharmacies. If the cost of glycerin is prohibitive, light corn syrup can be substituted, but bubbles made with corn syrup will not grow as large as those made with glycerin.”-eHow.

Read more: [|__The Best Bubble Soap Recipe | eHow.com__] [|__http://www.ehow.com/way_5154062_bubble-soap-recipe.html#ixzz13bp7oMqR__] RESEARCH QUESTION : what makes the best soap bubbles ?

MY MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT: 1- 3 beakers 300ml or greater 2- 470ml water or 2 cups 3-380ml glycerin or 1.5 cups 4-240ml corn syrup or 1 cup. 5- 6 pack of drinks net. 6- pipe cleaner. <span style="font: 13px/19px Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">7- ruler <span style="font: 13px/19px Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">8-stopwatch

<span style="font: 13px/19px Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">MY 2ND MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT: <span style="font: 13px/19px Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">1-3 Beakers 300ml or greater. <span style="font: 13px/19px Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">2- 2 cups water <span style="font: 13px/19px Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">3-1 cup glycerin. <span style="font: 13px/19px Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">4- Pipe cleaner <span style="font: 13px/19px Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">5- pliers. <span style="font: 13px/19px Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">6- ruler. <span style="font: 13px/19px Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">7- stopwatch.

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;">**Materials and Equipment** · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">3 beakers 300 mL or greater · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">100 mL and 50mL Graduated cylinder · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Water · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Liquid dishwashing soap · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Glycerin, small bottle · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Corn syrup · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">3 Pipe cleaners · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Stopwatch · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Salt · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Ruler **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Experimental Procedure ** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 5.25pt 0in 10pt 45pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">1. First, make your bubble solutions, use one beaker for each different solution and label with the formula using a permanent marker and tape. Here are three solutions to try, notice that the total volume of the solution is kept consistent: Be sure to stir solution until it is homogeneous. Use a glass stirring rod. || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Ingredient ** **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">detergent only ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Solution #2 ** **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">detergent + glycerin ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Solution #3 ** **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">detergent + corn syrup ** || <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 5.25pt 0in 10pt 45pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">2. Now make a pipe cleaner wand for each solution. Pinch a pipe cleaner in the middle and give it a kink. Bend one half of the pipe cleaner into a circle and twist together at the center. Repeat with the other two pipe cleaners, and check that all three circles are the same diameter (mm). <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 5.25pt 0in 10pt 45pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">Wand 1 Diameter_ __Wand 2 Diameter__ Wand 3 Diameter __<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 5.25pt 0in 10pt 45pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">3. Go outside and test your bubble solutions. Blow a bubble and catch it on your wand. Immediately start the stopwatch and time how long the bubble lasts. This will take some practice, so try it out on some extra solution before you start! __ __<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 5.25pt 0in 10pt 45pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">4. Repeat the experiment 20 times for each solution. __ __<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 5.25pt 0in 10pt 45pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">5. Record your data in a data table: Also record any other relevant observations such as bubble sizes. __ __<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 5.25pt 0in 10pt 45pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">6. After you have completed all trials, mix 10 mL of salt in each solution. __ __<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 5.25pt 0in 10pt 45pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">7. Blow bubbles from each and record any observations __
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Solution #1 **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Water || <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">255 mL || <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">240 mL || <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">240 mL ||
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Detergent || <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">30 mL || <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">30 mL || <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">30 mL ||
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Glycerin || <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;">- || <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">15 mL || <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;">- ||
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Corn Syrup || <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;">- || <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;">- || <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">15 mL ||

||
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Solution #1 - Bubble Time (secs) ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Solution #2 - Bubble Time (secs) ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Solution #3 - Bubble Time (secs) ** ||
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Trial 1 ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Trial 2 ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">. . . . . . . ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Trial 20 ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">TOTAL ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Average Bubble Time in Seconds ||  ||   ||   ||

__<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 5.25pt 0in 10pt 45pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">8. For each bubble solution, calculate the average time in seconds that the bubbles lasted. Do this calculation by adding up all of the data for a solution, and dividing by the number of trials for that solution. __ __<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 5.25pt 0in 10pt 45pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">9. Make a graph of your data. For each solution, make a bar of the average time in seconds that the bubble lasted. __ __<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: normal; margin: 5.25pt 0in 10pt 45pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">10. Complete a lab write up according to the lab write up criteria. Use the bibliography to do your research. __

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal;">**SCIENTIFIC METHOD.**

<span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Arial Narrow'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">The scientific method is something that <span style="color: #128723; font: 13px 'Arial Narrow'; fontstyle: normal; fontvariant: normal; fontweight: normal; letterspacing: 0px; lineheight: normal; margin: 0px; marginbottom: 0px; marginleft: 0px; marginright: 0px; margintop: 0px;">you can use in your day-to-day life. When facing a problem in the world of science the scientific method makes it easy to draw a conclusion. By following the steps of the scientific method you should be able, by the end of the experiment, to have an answer to your question (conclusion).

<span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Arial Narrow'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">To know how to do the scientific method correctly you first of all need to know what it is. The scientific method is the steps you take to construct an experiment or answer a question through observation.

<span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Arial Narrow'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Secondly you need to know what the steps of the scientific method are. First you need to make an observation ( E.G your plant at home was moved inside and now it is growing faster), Second you need to ask yourself a question (Is my plant growing faster now because i moved it inside?), Then you need to do research, Next you need to come up with a hypothesis ( If i grow a plant inside my house then it should grow faster then if it was grown outside), Then you need to test the hypothesis through a experiment, Next you need to make a conclusion based on your experiments results, Then if your hypothesis is correct (Plants grown inside do grow faster then plants that are grown outside) you can report your results, But if your hypothesis is incorrect ( Plants grown outside grow faster then plants that are grown inside) then you need to go back and reconstruct your hypothesis and try again.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Helvetica,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">

<span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Arial Narrow'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">The steps of the scientific method <span style="color: #128723; font: 13px 'Arial Narrow'; fontstyle: normal; fontvariant: normal; fontweight: normal; letterspacing: 0px; lineheight: normal; margin: 0px; marginbottom: 0px; marginleft: 0px; marginright: 0px; margintop: 0px;">can be shortened or can be more then 8 steps, Each person has there own steps they use that are all steps of the scientific method. For example the picture above has more then 8 steps whereas on other websites i have found that there are only 4 steps to the scientific method: “ 1) Observation and description of a phenomenon or group of phenomena.

<span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Arial Narrow'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Scientists use the scientific method on a daily basis. When scientists come across a interesting observation or a problem they use the scientific method to draw a conclusion. For example if the scientist saw that since he is not watering his plant it is dyeing ( hypothesis: if i don’t water my plant then it will die.)
 * 1) <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Arial Narrow'; letter-spacing: 0px;">Formulation of an hypothesis to explain the phenomena. In physics, <span style="color: #0f7b0e; font: 13px 'Arial Narrow'; fontstyle: normal; fontvariant: normal; fontweight: normal; letterspacing: 0px; lineheight: normal;">the hypothesis often takes the form of a causal mechanism or a mathematical relation . 3) Use of the hypothesis to predict the existence of other phenomena, or to predict quantitatively the results of new observations 4) Performance of experimental tests of the predictions by several independent experimenters and properly performed experiments.”- [|__http://teacher.pas.rochester.edu/phy_labs/AppendixE/AppendixE.html__]

<span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Arial Narrow'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">You can also use the scientific method out of the classroom. I use the scientific method out of the classroom when i make an observation or face a question i cant answer. For example: I notice that my brother is engaging in more activities (sports) and that his marks were improving, i could use the steps of the scientific method to see if the two recent activities are linked.

<span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Arial Narrow'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">SOURCES:

[] [] [] [] []

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%;">Do vegetables grown using pesticides differ in flavor from those grown organically.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Observation: __<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"> I was eating a salad when I realized my vegetables tasted a lot better, I went to the waiter and asked what was different about them, he said that the owner had bought them from an organic store. As I was eating my salad I thought about if organically grown vegetables really do taste different then vegetables grown using pesticides. __
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Research: **

Hypothesis: If vegetables are grown organically then they should taste better than those grown using pesticides.

IV: Whether or not i put pesticide on (pesticides)

DV: taste.

Control Group: vegetables grown organically

Experimental Group: vegetables.

Materials:


 * 5 tomatoes (or any vegetable) which are from a organic store (grown organically(no pesticides etc.).
 * 5 tomatoes (or any vegetable) bought from a chain supermarket (grown using pesticides etc.).

Method: 1- Buy 5 tomatoes (or any vegetable) which are grown organically (no pesticides etc.). 2- Buy 5 tomatoes (or any vegetable) from a chain food store (make sure pesticides etc.are used). 3-Wash the tomatoes. 4- Eat the first organic one. 5- Eat the first non organic one. 6- Compare the Taste. 7- Do so with the rest of the tomatoes. 8- Draw a conclusion based on the results recorded in the data table.

Data Table:


 * <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; text-align: center;">**TOMATO** || <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; text-align: center;">**TASTE OF ORGANIC** || <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; text-align: center;">**TASTE OF NON ORGANIC** ||
 * Tomato Number 1 ||  ||   ||
 * Tomato Number 2 ||  ||   ||
 * Tomato Number 3 ||  ||   ||
 * Tomato Number 4 ||  ||   ||
 * Tomato Number 5 ||  ||   ||

Blood Pressure.

__ Question: Will Lying versus telling the truth have a affect on your blood pressure? __

__ Hypothesis: If you lie then your blood pressure should increase. __

__ IV: Lying __

__ DV: Blood pressure __

__ Control Group: Telling the truth. __

__ Experimental group: Lying __

__ Variable to control: Lying __

Science__

1- A 2-D 3-B 4-A 5-C 6- A-


 * <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; text-align: center;">**Name** || <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; text-align: center;">**Mass** || <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; text-align: center;">**Charge** ||
 * Protons || 1 || + ||
 * Electrons || 1/1836 || - ||
 * Neutrons || 1 || 0 ||

B- If an atom has 11 protons then it should have 11 electrons. C- The mass of an atom that has 11 protons and 12 neutrons would be 23. D- This element is Vanadium. You would find this element in the 4th row.

7- A- 8 electrons can be fitted into the first three electron level. B-ii) Blue-protobs Red-Neutrons Yellow- Elrctrons

3 ii)


 * 1) 3 (Lithium) and 10 (Neon) Are in the same group.

8- A-


 * || <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; text-align: center;">**Protons** || <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; text-align: center;">**Neutrons** || <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; text-align: center;">**Electrons** ||
 * Group 1 || 6 || 6 || ? ||
 * Group 2 || 6 || 8 || ? ||

B- We call these Isotopes.

C- ?

D-?

9- A- Bromines Atomic Mass is a given 80 because the two isotope masses need to even out. B-? C-?

10- A- Its a full Atom. B- It is not a normal atom because the number of electrons and protons are not the same. C- i- 23 ii- ? iii- You would find it in group 3 of the periodic table.

11- A- One medical use of radioation is that radioactive treatment can be used to get rid of cancer cells. B- I think that if they came up with a surgey that was as affective as radioactive treatment on cancer cells, then it would be a better treatment because then you wouldnt have to suffer from the sideeffects from the radioactive treatment. C-If the radioactive is turned up to too high of a level then It can kill normal healthy cell. D-Carbon dating can be used to tell how old something is. We can use carbon dating to get an estimate of how old the earth is. 12- A- 9 B- The mass number is the number of protons and neutrons in the atom. C-9 ELECTRONS 9 Neutrons and 10 Protons. D-

13) A- FE- 26p 30 n and26 e  B- NB-41p 52n and 41e  C-U- 92p 153n and 92 e.

14) A -Isotopes are when the number of neutrons vary in a atom.  B-6 protons in chlorine 37 and 6 protons in chlorine 35. There are 6elctrons in chlorine 37 and chlorine 35.  C- ?

15) A-Arsenic: = E- 33  P-33  N-42  bromine: E-5  P-5  N-6  Tin: E-50  P-50  N-71  Xenon-E:54  P-54  N-69

17) a- A  B-A  c-C  d-  e-Calcium  f-  g-

<span style="font: 14px/0px 'Arial Narrow'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden;">﻿THIS IS A LINK TO MY BIOCHEMIST HOMEWORK- 19-01-11 <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/0px 'Arial Narrow'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden;">